Previous lectures can be found on the Archived Lecture Page.

Prevention of Paediatric Invasive Pneumococcal Disease
By Professor Keith Cartwright

Profile of Lecturer
Download Powerpoint version of this lecture

Click on the images to enlarge slides.

Slide 1 and 2 Vaccination with conjugate vaccines has recently been shown to be a successful strategy for the prevention of disease by Haemophilus influenzae type b and meningococcus group C. The availability of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine means that, for the first time, pneumococcal infection in infants and young children can also be prevented. Vaccination with the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has the potential to prevent infections by antibiotic resistant as well as susceptible strains. References Department of Health. Immunisation against infectious disease. London: HMSO 1996 PHLS Seasonal Diseases - meningococcal disease 20 April 2001

Slide 3 This table illustrates the main advantages of the conjugate vaccines over polysaccharide vaccines. Bacterial antigens conjugated to a protein carrier improve immunogenicity of the saccharide antigens, particularly in children under 2 years of age. They induce a T-cell mediated immune response, which is essential for the development of long term immunological memory References Moxon R. Pneumococcal vaccination in children. In: The Clinical Impact of Pneumococcal Diseases and Strategies for its Prevention. International Congress and Symposium Series 210. London: Royal Society of Medicine Press Limited 1995: 9-16

Slide 4 The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7-PCV, Prevenar™) contains saccharides isolated from 7 serotypes of the pneumococcus. These saccharide antigens are conjugated to the CRM197 carrier protein and adsorbed on aluminium phosphate. References SmPC, Wyeth. Miller E et al. Epidemiology of invasive and other pneumococcal disease in children in England and Wales 1996-1998. Acta Paediatric Suppl 2000; 435: 11-16. George R. Personal communication. Kyaw MH et al. Epidemiol Infect 2000; 125: 561-572.

Slide 5 The efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the 7-PCV were demonstrated in a large clinical trial performed within the Northern California Kaiser Permanente Healthcare System. References Black S et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000; 19: 187-195 Shinefield HR et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999; 18: 757-763. Black S et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002; 21: 810–15

Slide 6 7-PCV was given to infants at 2, 4, 6 and 12-15 months of age in a double blind, placebo-controlled trial. 37 868 children were randomly assigned to receive either 7-PCV or meningococcus type C conjugate vaccine. Routine vaccines were co-administered. References Black S et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000; 19: 187-195 Shinefield HR et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999; 18: 757-763. Black S et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002; 21: 810–15

1 2 3 4 5 next>>

Back to Top